Úsáideoir:Thiar aniar/Esther Roper

Teimpléad:Bosca Sonraí DuineBa Suffragéid agus feachtasóir ar son ceartas sóisialta í Esther Roper (4 Lúnasa 1868 – 28 Aibreán 1938). Throid sí le haghaidh cothromaíocht fostaíochta agus cearta vótála do mná an aicme oibrithe (4 Lúnasa 1868 – 28 Aibreán 1938)  

Cúlra teaghlaigh agus oideachas

Esther Roper (Ina Suí), Edith Palliser (Ar Chlé), Mrs Blaxter (Ar Dheis)

Bhí Esther an iníon de Edward Roper, a bhí oibrí mhonarcha agus ina dhiaidh sin, tháinig chun bheith ina misinéirí, agus Annie Roper, an iníon de inimircigh Éireannacha. Bhí sí oilte ag an Eaglais Misinéireachta Chumainn.

Bhí sí ar cheann de na chéad mhná a staidéar le haghaidh céime ag Choláiste Owen i Manchain. Sa bhliain 1886 thosaigh sí mar chuid de thriail a bhunú cibé bhfuil mná in ann staidéar a dhéanamh gan dochar dá sláinte meabhrach nó coirp. I 1897 le chomh mac léann Marion Ledward, bhunaigh sí agus a chur sí in eagar Iris, nuachtlitir do mhic léinn baineann. Eisítear dhá uair faoi bhliain chuig 1894, chuir an foilsíodh béim ar na cheisteanna is mó le tionchar aroideachas na mban, agus spreagadh é líonrú idir mic-léinn reatha agus iar-mhic léinn.

I 1891 bhain Roper céim onóracha amach ó Choláiste Owen sa laidin, Litríocht an bhéarla agus Geilleagar Polaitiúil. Choinnigh sí naisc leis an coláiste agus ba í ina bhall príomhchúiseanna den tSochaí Díospóireachta Sóisialta do mná amháin. I 1895 sí a chabhraigh a bhunú an Ollscoil Mhanchain Lonnaíochta i Ancoats a thairiscint oideachas agus deiseanna cultúrtha a chur ar an áitiúil ag obair bochta. Toghadh í ar a gcoiste feidhmiúcháin sa bhliain 1896.

Obair ar son an Suffraigéad

Ó 1893 go 1905 bhí post le tuarastal ag Roper mar runaí de National Society for Women’s Suffrage i Manchain.  Tugtar aitheantas do Roper as an athbheochain a bhí ag obair an t-eagrú, mar bhí easpa fuinneamh aige tar éis bás an runaí cheana Lydia Becker. Leathnaigh Roper scóip den feachtas ar son an suffraigéad de MNSWS. Threoir sí dírigh an t-eargrú ó suimeanna mná meánaicmeachta, chun béim a chuir ar to actively seeking out the involvement of working-class women as petition signatories and speakers for the cause. In 1897 the MNSWS changed its name to the North of England Society for Women’s Suffrage (NESWS) and became part of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies.

Bualadh le Eva Gore-Booth

Sa bhliain 1896, ag fulaingt ón ídiú, chuaigh Roper ar saoire go teach aíochta scríbhneoir na hAlban George Macdonald's san Iodáil. Ann, bhuail sí leis an file Éireannach agus duine uaise Eva Gore-Booth. Thit an lánúin i ngrá agus seo a leanas na bliana Gore-Booth thug suas a shaol de phribhléid chun bogadh i le Roper i sraithe teach i Rusholme, Manchain. Esther ina dhiaidh sin scríobh a n-cruinniú i an Iodáil "le Haghaidh mhí breoiteachta a choinnigh dúinn i an taobh ó dheas, agus chaith muid an lá ag siúl agus ag caint ar an gcnoc ag na farraige. Gach bhí mealladh chuig an obair agus smaointe ar an taobh eile, agus muid ag luath agus a bhí cairde agus companions don saol."

Ceartas sóisialta agus vótáil ag obair le Eva-Gore Booth

In the late 1800s and early 1900s Esther and Eva helped to organize groups of female flower-sellers, circus performers, barmaids and coal pit-brow workers as their right to work was threatened by moral crusades and new legislation. They arranged public meetings, demonstrations and delegations to parliament. Esther and Eva argued that women’s livelihoods were at stake, that women were capable of making their own decisions about how they were employed, and working women’s lack of vote left them disempowered in the workplace. In 1900 they founded and edited the Women's Labour News. This quarterly publication aimed at uniting women workers ran until 1904.

In 1903 the couple helped to found the Lancashire and Cheshire Women's Textile and Other Workers Representation Committee, which organized the campaign of the first women's suffrage candidate to stand in a general election. In 1905, Esther became secretary of the National Industrial & Professional Women’s Suffrage Society. From 1906 Roper and Gore-Booth distanced themselves from Pankhurst’s Women’s Social and Political Union. They disagreed with the use of militant tactics and Emmeline Pankhurst’s lack of interest in campaigning for working-class women’s rights.

In 1913 Esther Roper and Eva Gore-Booth moved to London for the sake of Eva's health. In 1916, along with transwoman Irene Clyde, they founded Urania, a privately circulated journal which expressed their pioneering views on gender and sexuality. Published six times a year it contained clippings of articles from national and international press as well as original pieces.

They were prominent pacifists during the First World War, working in the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace. Among other things they helped support the wives and children of imprisoned conscientious objector. After the war they became members of the Committee for the Abolition of Capital Punishment and worked for prison reform.

Later years

After Eva's death in 1926, Esther worked to preserve her partner’s memory. She edited and introduced both The Poems of Eva Gore-Booth (1929) and The Prison Letters of Countess Markievicz (1934). Esther commissioned artist Ethel Rhind to create a stained glass window commemorating Eva’s life. It was unveiled in June 1928 at the re-opening of the University Settlement Roundhouse building on Every Street, Ancoats. The Roundhouse was demolished in 1986 by which time the window had been lost or stolen.

In later years Esther continued her social justice campaigning. She was signatory on a number of letters to The Times newspaper concerning equal treatment for men and women in employment. Esther Roper died of heart failure at her home in April 1938. She was buried alongside Eva Gore-Booth in St John's churchyard, Hampstead, on 30 April, with a quote from lesbian icon Sappho carved on their gravestone. Constance Markievicz, Eva Gore-Booth's sister, wrote of her: "The more one knows her, the more one loves her, and I feel so glad Eva and she were together, and so thankful that her love was with Eva to the end."

Iarbháis

A ainm agus a phictiúr (agus iad siúd de 58 mban eile a vótáil lucht tacaíochta) ar an plionta an dealbh de Millicent Fawcett sa Pharlaimint Square, Londain, nocht i 2018.

Tagairtí

[[Catagóir:Daoine a rugadh i 1868]] [[Catagóir:Básanna i 1938]] [[Catagóir:Daoine as Manchain]]