Ealaín na nOileán
Rinneadh Ealaín na nOileán sa Bhreatain agus i nÉirinn le linn na ré iarRómhánaí. Dar le staraithe ealaíne, is cuid í d'ealaín Imirce na dTreabh chomh maith le healaín luath-mheánaoiseach iartharach. Is é an meascán den dá níos seo a thugann don ealaín a saintréith speisialta.[1][2][3]
Is de thoradh an ghluaiseacht mainistreach Éireannach den Chríostaíocht Cheilteach í ealaín na nOileán, é sin nó miotalóireacht don scothaicme saolta. Tosaíonn an ré timpeall na bliana 600 le meascán Ceilteacha agus Angla-Shacsanacha. Feictear roinnt seodra, go formhór Éireannach, a théann siar go dtí na 500í.[4] The earliest Pictish stones may date from the fifth century however.[5]
Tháinig buaicphointe na stíle, ó thaobh maisithe de, chun críche le teacht na Lochlannach san 8ú haois. Glactar gur chuir na ruathair isteach ar Leabhar Cheanannais.[7][8] I Sasana, chumaisc an stíl le healaín Angla-Sacsanach timpeall na bliana 900, agus i nÉirinn le healaín Rómhánúil sa 12ú haois.[9]
Add na samplaí den ealaín atá fós ar marthain, tá ann go formhór lámhscríbhinní dathmhaisithe, obair mhiotail agus snoiteán cloiche, go háirithe Ardchrosa. Feictear are patrúin mjionsaothraithe ach gan aon léaráid doimhneachta nó toirte. Is saintréith é crosfhí, rud a fheictear ach go háirithe ag Sutton Hoo in East Anglia.[10] Is é saintréith eile ná leathanaigh cairpéid, cé gur coiteann iad fosta turasóireachta (aireagán na nOileán), táblaí canóna agus mionfhíoracha, go háirithe portráidí na Soiscéalaithe.
Is iad Éire, an Alba agus ríocht Northumbria más hionadaí is tábhachtaí, ach feictear samplaí gcósta i ndeisceart Shasana, sa Bhreatain Bheag[11][12] agus ar an mór-roinn, go háirithe sa Ghall. I measc na samplaí is fearr, tá Leabhar Dharú, Leabhar Cheanannais, Soiscéil Lindisfarne, dealga amhail is Dealg na Teamhrach, agus an Ruthwell Cross.
Tá tionchar Ealaín na nOileán le feiceáil i ngach stíl ealaín eile na hEorpach a tháinig ina diaidh, go háirithe na gnéithe maisitheacha i lámhscríbhinní Rómhánúla agus Gotacha.[13]
Foinsí
cuir in eagar- Alexander, Jonathan J.G.. Medieval Illuminators and their Methods of Work, Yale UP, 1992, ISBN 978-0-300-05689-1
- Bloxham, Jim & Rose, Krisine. St. Cuthbert Gospel of St. John, Formerly Known as the Stonyhurst Gospel
- Brown, Michelle P. Mercian Manuscripts? The "Tiberius" Group and its Historical Context, in Michelle P. Brown, Carol Ann Farr: Mercia: an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in Europe, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005, ISBN 978-0-8264-7765-1
- Calkins, Robert G. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages. Ithaca, Nua-Eabhrac: Cornell University Press, 1983, ISBN 978-0-8014-1506-7
- Dodwell, C.R. (1982). Anglo-Saxon Art, a new perspective, 1982, Manchester UP, ISBN 978-0-7190-0926-6
- — (1993). The Pictorial arts of the West, 800–1200, 1993, Yale UP, ISBN 978-0-300-06493-3
- Gombrich, E.H. The Story of Art, Phaidon, 13th edn. 1982. ISBN 978-0-7148-1841-2
- Ó Floinn, Raghnal; Wallace, Patrick (eag.). Treasures of the National Museum of Ireland: Irish Antiquities. Baile Átha Cliath: Ard-Mhúsaem na hÉireann, 2002. Teimpléad:Isbn
- Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2012). Pages from the Book of Kells. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. ASIN: B00AN4JVI0
- Grove Art Online. "Insular Art", féach fosta Ryan, Michael.
- Henderson, George. Early Medieval Art, 1972, ISBN 978-0-14-021420-8, eagrán 1977, Penguin,
- "Hendersons": Henderson, George and Henderson, Isabel, "The implications of the Staffordshire Hoard for the understanding of the origins and development of the Insular art style as it appears in manuscripts and sculpture", Papers from the Staffordshire Hoard Symposium (online), 2010, Portable Antiquities Scheme, British Museum
- Hicks, Carola, Insular – The Age of Migrating Ideas: Early Medieval Art in Northern Britain and Ireland
- Hugh Honour agus John Fleming. "A World History of Art", 1984 (chéad eagrán clúdach bog), Macmillan, Londain. ISBN 978-0-333-37185-5
- Laing, Lloyd Robert. The archaeology of late Celtic Britain and Ireland, c. 400–1200 AD, Taylor & Francis, 1975, ISBN 978-0-416-82360-8
- Lasko, Peter. Ars Sacra, 800–1200, Penguin History of Art, 1972 ISBN 978-0-14-056036-7
- Moss, Rachel. Medieval c. 400—c. 1600, "Art and Architecture of Ireland" series. CT: Yale University Press, 2014. ISBN 978-03-001-7919-4
- Mitchell, G. F. "The Cap of St Lachtin's Arm". The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, imleabhar 114, 1984. Teimpléad:Jstor
- Moss, Rachel. The Book of Durrow. Baile Átha Cliath: Coláiste na Tríonóide; Londain: Thames and Hudson, 2018. Teimpléad:Isbn
- Murray, Griffin. "The Makers of Church Metalwork in Early Medieval Ireland: Their Identity and Status". Making Histories: Proceedings of the Sixth International Insular Art Conference. Eabhrac, 2011
- Murray, Griffin. "The Medieval Treasures of County Kerry".Tralee: Kerry County Museum, 2010. Teimpléad:Isbn
- Nordenfalk, Carl. Celtic and Anglo-Saxon Painting: Book illumination in the British Isles 600–800. Nua-Eabhrac: George Braziller, 1976, ISBN 978-0-8076-0825-8
- Pächt, Otto. Book Illumination in the Middle Ages (trans fr German), 1986, Harvey Miller Publishers, London, ISBN 978-0-19-921060-2
- Rigby, Stephen Henry. A companion to Britain in the later Middle Ages, Wiley-Blackwell, 2003, ISBN 978-0-631-21785-5. Google books
- Ryan, Michael, and others, in Grove Art Online, Insular art
- Schapiro, Meyer, Selected Papers, imleabhar 3, Late Antique, Early Christian and Mediaeval Art, 1980, Chatto & Windus, Londain, ISBN 978-0-7011-2514-1
- Wailes, Bernard and Zoll, Amy L., in Philip L. Kohl, Clare P. Fawcett, Nationalism, politics, and the practice of archaeology[nasc briste go buan], Cambridge University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-521-55839-6
- Wilson, David M. Anglo-Saxon Art: From The Seventh Century To The Norman Conquest, Thames and Hudson, 1984, ISBN 978-0-87951-976-6
- Susan Youngs (eag.). "The Work of Angels", Masterpieces of Celtic Metalwork, 6th–9th centuries AD, 1989, British Museum Press, Londain, ISBN 978-0-7141-0554-3
Tagairtí
cuir in eagar- ↑ Honour & Fleming, ll. 244–247
- ↑ Pächt, ll. 65–66
- ↑ Walies & Zoll, ll. 27–30
- ↑ Youngs, ll. 20–22.
- ↑ Laing, ll. 55–56.
- ↑ Nordenfalk, ll. 29, 86–87
- ↑ Dodwell (1993), ll. 85, 90
- ↑ Wilson, lch. 141
- ↑ Ryan
- ↑ Wilson, ll. 16–27.
- ↑ Mar shampla, Ricemarch Psalter, Hereford Gospels (féach Grove Art Online, S2)
- ↑ Leabhar Dhéir den 10ú haois, an lámhscríbhinn is luaite le Gaeilge na hAlban
- ↑ Henderson, ll. 63–71
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