Robert Recorde

Robert Recorde
	;
Beathaisnéis
Breith	c. 1510; Dinbych-y-pysgod (an Bhreatain Bheag)
Bás	1558 ; 47/48 bliana d'aois; Londain, England
Áit adhlactha	St Mary's Church (en) 51° 40′ 18″ N, 4° 41′ 59″ O / 51.6717°N,4.69962°W
Faisnéis phearsanta
Scoil a d'fhreastail sé/sí	Ollscoil Oxford (1525–1531); Ollscoil Cambridge (–1545)
Gníomhaíocht
Réimse oibre	Matamaitic
Gairm	matamaiticeoir, dochtúir leighis, fealsamh
Fostóir	Royal Mint (en) (1549–1553); Ollscoil Cambridge (1545–1547); Coláiste na Marbh, Oxford (1531–)
Teangacha	Béarla
Saothar
	Saothar suntasach (1543) The Ground of Arts (en) ; (1556) The Castle of Knowledge (en) ; (1557) The Whetstone of Witte ;

Ba dhochtúir agus matamaiticeoir Angla-Breatnach é Robert Recorde (c. 1512 – 1558). Cheap sé an tsín chothroime (=) agus chuir sé an comhartha suimithe (+) a bhí ann roimhe seo isteach do chainteoirí Béarla sa bhliain 1557.

Beathaisnéis

Rugadh Robert Recorde timpeall na bliana 1512, agus ba é an dara mac agus an ceann deireanach é ag Thomas agus Rose Recorde ^[1] as Dinbych-y-pysgod, Sir Benfro, sa Bhreatain Bheag .

Chuaigh Recorde isteach in Ollscoil Oxford thart ar 1525, agus toghadh é ina Chomhalta de Choláiste na Marbh Uile (Laidin: Collegium Omnium Animarum Fidelium Defunctorum de Oxonia) ansin é sa bhliain 1531 . Tar éis dó an leigheas a ghlacadh mar ghairm, chuaigh sé go dtí Ollscoil Cambridge chun an chéim MD a dhéanamh i 1545. D’fhill sé ina dhiaidh sin ar Oxford, áit ar mhúin sé an mhatamaitic go poiblí, mar a bhí déanta aige sula ndeachaigh sé go Cambridge. Cheap sé an an tsín chothroime. Dealraíonn sé go ndeachaigh sé go Londain ina dhiaidh sin, agus gur ghníomhaigh sé mar dhochtúir don Rí Éadbhard VI agus don Bhanríon Muire, dá bhfuil cuid dá leabhair tiomnaithe dóibh. Bhí sé ina Ard-reachtaire Mionta agus Airgead in Éirinn.^[2] Tar éis do namhaid polaitíochta é a agairt mar gheall ar chlúmhilleadh, gabhadh é mar gheall ar fhiacha agus fuair sé bás i bPríosún Binse an Rí, Southwark, faoi lár mhí an Mheithimh 1558 .

Foilseacháin

An chéad chothromóid aitheanta, comhionann le 14x + 15 = 71 sa nodaireacht nua-aimseartha, ó The Whetstone of Witte . (Is é an réiteach na x = 4)

An tsín chothroime a thug Recorde isteach san 'The Whetstone of Witte', "to avoid tedious repetition"..

D’fhoilsigh Recorde roinnt saothar ar ábhair matamaitice agus leighis, go príomha i bhfoirm idirphlé idir máistir agus scoláire, mar a leanas:

The Grounde of Artes, a theagascann Worke and Practise, na hUimhríochta, i slánuimhreacha agus i gcodáin (1543), an chéad leabhar Béarla ar ailgéabar .
The Pathway to Knowledge, ina bhfuil na Chéad Phrionsabail Céimseata ... bac le húsáid Instrumentes Geometricall agus Réalteolaíocht, agus freisin le haghaidh Projection Plattes (Londain, 1551)
Caisleán an Eolais, ina bhfuil Míniú na Sféar araon Celestiall agus Ábhartha, etc. (Londain, 1556) Leabhar a mhíníonn an réalteolaíocht Ptolemaic agus é ag tagairt do shamhail heliocentric Copernican agus é á rith.
The Whetstone of Witte, atá mar an dara cuid de Arithmeteke: ina bhfuil eastóscadh fréamhacha; an cleachtas cossike, le riail na cothromóide; agus saothair Surde Nombers (Londain, 1557). Ba é seo an leabhar inar tugadh an comhartha comhionann isteach in eagrán clóite.^[3] Le foilsiú an leabhair seo tugtar creidiúint do Recorde as an ailgéabar a thabhairt isteach in Oileán na Breataine le nodaireacht chórasach.^[4]^[5]
Saothar leighis, The Urinal of Physick (1548), a athchló go minic.^[6]

Scríobhadh an chuid is mó de na saothair sin i bhfoirm caiticeasma.^[3] Tá roinnt leabhar a bhfuil a n-údar anaithnid curtha i leith dó: Cosmographiae isagoge, De Arte faciendi Horologium agus De Usu Globorum et de Statu temporum.^[7]

Féach freisin

Nótaí

↑ “Robert Recorde: the Welshman who invented equality” (en). The National Wales. Dáta rochtana: 2022-02-06.
↑ Newman (1956). "The World of Mathematics".
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Smith (July 1, 1917). "Medicine and Mathematics in the Sixteenth Century". Ann. Med. Hist. 1 (2): 125–140. PMID 33943138. OCLC 12650954. (here cited p. 131).
↑ Jourdain (1913). "The Nature of Mathematics".
↑ Robert Recorde, The Whetstone of Witte (London, England: John Kyngstone, 1557), p. 236 (although the pages of this book are not numbered). From the chapter titled "The rule of equation, commonly called Algebers Rule" (p. 236): "Howbeit, for easie alteration of equations. I will propounde a fewe examples, bicause the extraction of their rootes, maie the more aptly bee wroughte. And to avoide the tediouse repetition of these woordes: is equalle to: I will sette as I doe often in worke use, a paire of paralleles, or Gemowe [twin, from gemew, from the French gemeau (twin / twins), from the Latin gemellus (little twin)] lines of one lengthe, thus: =, bicause noe .2. thynges, can be moare equalle." (However, for easy manipulation of equations, I will present a few examples in order that the extraction of roots may be more readily done. And to avoid the tedious repetition of these words "is equal to", I will substitute, as I often do when working, a pair of parallels or twin lines of the same length, thus: =, because no two things can be more equal.)
↑ The Urinal of Physick, by Robert Recorde, 1548; at Google Books
↑ John Hall, "An Historiall Expostulation", p. 60. In Early English Poetry, Ballads, and Popular Literature of the Middle Ages, v. XI. London: T. Richards, 1844

Tagairtí

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Recorde, Robert". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 966.
James R. Newman (1956). The World of Mathematics Vol. 1 Commentary on Robert Recorde
Philip E. B. Jourdain (1913). The Nature of Mathematics
Gareth Roberts and Fenny Smith, editors (2012). Robert Recorde: The Life and Times of a Tudor Mathematician (University of Wales Press, distributed by University of Chicago Press) 232 pages
Jack Williams (2011). Robert Recorde: Tudor Polymath, Expositor and Practitioner of Computation (Heidelberg, Springer) (History of Computing).
J. W. S. Cassels (1976). Is This a Recorde?, The Mathematical Gazette Vol. 60 No. 411 March 1976 p 59-61
Gordon Roberts (2016). Robert Recorde: Tudor Scholar and Mathematician (University of Wales Press).
[https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173913/https://www.maa.org/book/export/html/116921 Curtha i gcartlann 2022-09-20 ar an Wayback Machine Frank J. Swetz and Victor J. Katz (2011). "Mathematical Treasures - Robert Recorde's Whetstone of Witte," Convergence (January 2011)]

Naisc sheachtracha

Ollscoil Naomh Aindriú beathaisnéis Stair na Matamaitice
Robert Recorde: an Breatnach a chum comhionannas Curtha i gcartlann 2022-02-06 ar an Wayback Machine
Robert Recorde agus Matamaiticeoirí Breatnaise eile
100 Laoch na Breataine Bige – Robert Recorde
Úsáidí is luaithe Siombailí an Chaidrimh
Na húsáidí is luaithe atá ar eolas ó chuid de na Focail sa Mhatamaitic Tá go leor athfhriotail ó Recorde anseo.
Taifead (Robert) i bhFoclóir Matamaitice agus Fealsúnachta Charles Hutton^{[nasc briste]}
Saol agus oibreacha Robert Recorde ar h2g2 pdf
Foilsitheoir reatha leabhar Robert Recorde i bhfoirm macasamhla bunaidh Curtha i gcartlann 2016-11-05 ar an Wayback Machine
Works by Robert Record
Works by or about Robert Recorde

[1] “Robert Recorde: the Welshman who invented equality” (en). The National Wales. Dáta rochtana: 2022-02-06.

[2] Newman (1956). "The World of Mathematics".

[PMC7927718-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Smith (July 1, 1917). "Medicine and Mathematics in the Sixteenth Century". Ann. Med. Hist. 1 (2): 125–140. PMID 33943138. OCLC 12650954. (here cited p. 131).

[4] Jourdain (1913). "The Nature of Mathematics".

[5] Robert Recorde, The Whetstone of Witte (London, England: John Kyngstone, 1557), p. 236 (although the pages of this book are not numbered). From the chapter titled "The rule of equation, commonly called Algebers Rule" (p. 236): "Howbeit, for easie alteration of equations. I will propounde a fewe examples, bicause the extraction of their rootes, maie the more aptly bee wroughte. And to avoide the tediouse repetition of these woordes: is equalle to: I will sette as I doe often in worke use, a paire of paralleles, or Gemowe [twin, from gemew, from the French gemeau (twin / twins), from the Latin gemellus (little twin)] lines of one lengthe, thus: =, bicause noe .2. thynges, can be moare equalle." (However, for easy manipulation of equations, I will present a few examples in order that the extraction of roots may be more readily done. And to avoid the tedious repetition of these words "is equal to", I will substitute, as I often do when working, a pair of parallels or twin lines of the same length, thus: =, because no two things can be more equal.)

[6] The Urinal of Physick, by Robert Recorde, 1548; at Google Books

[7] John Hall, "An Historiall Expostulation", p. 60. In Early English Poetry, Ballads, and Popular Literature of the Middle Ages, v. XI. London: T. Richards, 1844

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Beathaisnéis

Breith	c. 1510 Dinbych-y-pysgod (an Bhreatain Bheag)
Bás	1558 47/48 bliana d'aois Londain, England
Áit adhlactha	St Mary's Church ^(en) ^{51° 40′ 18″ N, 4° 41′ 59″ O / 51.6717°N,4.69962°W / 51.6717; -4.69962}




Faisnéis phearsanta
Scoil a d'fhreastail sé/sí	Ollscoil Oxford (1525–1531) Ollscoil Cambridge (–1545)
Gníomhaíocht
Réimse oibre	Matamaitic
Gairm	matamaiticeoir, dochtúir leighis, fealsamh
Fostóir	Royal Mint ^(en) (1549–1553) Ollscoil Cambridge (1545–1547) Coláiste na Marbh, Oxford (1531–)
Teangacha	Béarla
Saothar
Saothar suntasach (1543) The Ground of Arts ^(en) (1556) The Castle of Knowledge ^(en) (1557) The Whetstone of Witte